引用文本：开乌塞, 李引. 《2024年美国结直肠外科协会预防手术部位感染临床实践指南》解读与思考[J/CD]. 消化肿瘤杂志（电子版）, 2025, 17(4): 438-445.

作者：开乌塞，李引

单位：中山大学附属第一医院胃肠外科中心，广东 广州 510080

Authors：Kaiwusai, Li Yin

Unit：Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China

摘要：

手术部位感染（surgical site infection, SSI）包括切口处感染（浅表SSI）、切口下方组织感染（深部SSI）以及腹腔内感染（器官间隙SSI）。SSI是术后常见的感染类型之一，其中结直肠手术患者的SSI风险最高。这不仅影响患者临床结局、延长住院时间、增加非计划再次手术机率、增加患者焦虑，也与非相关手术后再发SSI的风险升高密切相关。因此，美国结直肠外科协会组织多位外科领域专家，探讨预防SSI的临床实践，通过对医学数据库文献进行检索、筛选、审阅、评估和分析证据基础，并通过推荐分级的评价、制定与评估（grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation, GRADE）系统确定后，最终形成18条推荐意见。此共识为我国预防SSI临床实践提供了重要参考，但在临床应用的过程中，仍需结合国内外其他专家的意见以及我国临床及患者特点加以优化。本文围绕共识中的SSI组套措施，对高危患者的术前优化等关键内容进行解读，总结有关结直肠手术中预防SSI的证据，为临床实践提供借鉴与启示。

关键词：手术部位感染；手术部位感染组套；围手术期；诊疗指南；解读

Abstract：

Surgical site infection (SSI) includes infection at the incision site (superficial SSI), infection of the tissue beneath the incision (deep SSI), and intra-abdominal infection (organ space SSI). SSI is one of the common types of postoperative infections, with the highest risk in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. This affects patient clinical outcomes, prolongs hospital stays, increases the likelihood of unplanned reoperations, increases patient anxiety, and is closely associated with an increased risk of SSI recurrence after non-related surgeries. Therefore, the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons organized multiple experts in the field of surgery to explore clinical practices for the prevention of SSI. After conducting literature searches, screening, reviewing, evaluating, and analyzing the evidence base, and using the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) system to determine the recommendations, they finally formed 18 recommendations. This consensus provides crucial guidance for the prevention of SSI in our clinical practice, but during the process of clinical application, it still needs to be optimized by combining opinions from other experts both domestically and internationally, as well as our clinical and patient characteristics. This article focuses on the clinical measures for SSI in the consensus, interpreting key content such as preoperative optimization for high-risk patients, summarizing evidence related to the prevention of SSI in colorectal surgery, and providing reference and enlightenment for clinical practice.

Key words：Surgical site infection; Surgical site infection prevention bundles; Perioperative period; Clinical practice guidelines; Interpretation

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